The district court properly determined that Delta's pilots were engaged in an unlawful no-overtime campaign.   However, the district court improperly interpreted the gravity and depth of ALPA's duty under the RLA to prevent such an unlawful job action.   Because there has been no showing that ALPA lacks control over the pilots, reason dictates that ALPA has not done enough to fulfill its statutorily mandated duty to “maintain” the agreement and avoid an “interruption to commerce.”   Upon remand, the district court shall issue appropriate injunctive relief directing ALPA to take further steps to end the pilots' no-overtime campaign.   Further steps may include issuing directives as drafted by the court and threatening (or imposing) union sanctions for violations, as permitted by ALPA's constitution.25  If ALPA complies with the court's orders and the no-overtime campaign continues, Delta may return to the district court for injunctive relief against individual pilots, as discussed supra Part III.C.

REVERSED and REMANDED, with instructions.

I concur in the determination that under the law ALPA has an affirmative duty to exert every reasonable effort to prevent or stop the unilateral unlawful activity of its members and that it has not fulfilled that duty.   Accordingly, I agree that this case should be remanded for the entry of an appropriate injunction requiring ALPA to take all reasonable steps to do so.   However, any discussion of possible actions based on the possibility that ALPA cannot control its membership is premature.